Identifier: americaninsects00kellog (find matches)
Title: American insects
Year: 1905 (1900s)
Authors: Kellogg, Vernon L. (Vernon Lyman), 1867-1937
Subjects: Insects
Publisher: New York, H. Holt and Company
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

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d pattern of the insects aredue. In Chapter XVII will be found a detailed account of these scales,explaining their structure, their origin, and how they produce the color pat-terns. The wings themselves are almost always present (in two pairs), thefore wings larger than the hind wings, and with a characteristic venation,in which the modifications, though small, are yet so constant and definitethat they are used successfully as the principal basis for the classificationof the order into families. Another characteristic is the highly modifiedand peculiar condition of the mouth-parts. While in some species the mouth-parts are rudimentary (atrophied) and evidently not functional, in mostthere is a well-developed slender flexible sucking proboscis (Fig. 509) com- 358 PLATE V. BUTTERFLIES. i=Junonia coenia.2=Iphidicles ajax.3=Epargyieus tityrus.4=CyanirLs pseudargiolus.5 = Ancyloiypha numitor.6=Papilio tumus.7=Nathalis iole.8=Parnassius smintheus.9=Thecla halesus.io=Zerene caesonia. PLATE V
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Mary Welhnan, del. The Moths and Butterflies 359 posed of the two greatly elongate maxillae, so apposed that a groove on theinner face of one fits against a similar groove on the inner face of the other,the two thus forming a perfect tube (Fig. 510). This sucking proboscis, whenextended, may protrude five or sixinches, as in some of the sphinx-moths, or only a fraction of an inch,as in the small moth millers, butwhen not in use it is so compactlycoiled up, watchspring-like, underthe head, and so concealed by apair of hairy little tippets (the labialpalpi) which project up on eachside of it that it is nearly invisible.Of the other mouth - parts, theupper lip (labrum) and under lip(labium) are greatly reduced andare not movable and flap-like as inmost insects, while the mandiblesare either wholly wanting or, as inthe sphinx-moths and some others,represented only by small immov-able functionless rudiments. Thepalpi of the maxillae are also eitherwholly wanting or present as mererudiments

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