My reconstructions of the seven known species of the order of Jurassic branchiopod crustaceans, Kazacharthra. Clockwise, starting from upper right corner, Kungeja tchakabaevi, Iliella spinosa, Kysyltamia tchiiliensis, Almatium gusevi, Ketmenia schultzi, Jeanrogerium sornayi, Panacanthocaris ketmenia (center). Kazacharthra.jpg
Reconstruction of the Chinese en:mesonychid en:Jiangxia chaotoensis, of the Late en:Paleocene. (C) Stanton F. Fink
Institut de palГ©ontologie humaine, 1 rue RenГ©-Panhard, Paris 13e
Palaeontologists working on Moa bone deposits in the 'Graveyard', Honeycomb Hill Cave System
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Preperation of fossil bones of Europasaurus holgeri.
Etruridelphis giulii teeth
Elephas Antiquus, fiber model, Ambrona, Soria, EspaГ±a
Etruridelphis giulii
Duria Antiquior famous watercolor by the geologist Henry de la Beche depicting life in ancient Dorset based on fossils found by Mary Anning.
Metaxytherium subappenninum
Shark fossil tooth
Illustration Johann Jakob Scheuchzer's Herbarium of the Deluge (1709) explaining fossils in mountain rocks by floods from Noahs time.
Original caption was:
East coast of North America
A selection of the most important paleontological discoveries for the year 2008... All digital.
Castelfiorentino fossil whale (Italy, Tuscany)
Castelfiorentino fossil whale (Italy, Tuscany)
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Отлив на Сахалине в заливе Мордвинова.
Upwelling
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The oceanic cyanobacterium Marine Synechococcus strain observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
This is a picture of a marine surface layer.
Submersible vessel, Star III, in front of Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego, California.
The Slow Down spectrogram.
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Sea spary.
en:Scripps Institution of Oceanography I took this photo while taking a break from work at Scripps.
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Scripps
The SCINI ROV, a special vehicle designed at Moss Landing Marine Lab, sits on the ice near Heald Island in Antarctica. The skinny, torpedo shaped body makes it possible to drop the vehicle through an 8
Example of ROV dive image annotation for science purposes. Per keyboard command of the scientist, the image annotation software grabs the latest image from the ROV camera (A), and combines it with the latest position from the acoustic positioning system (B). The scientist then either types in a comment (C) or uses audio annotation to describe the image or event. This exmaple is from a dive of the SCINI ROV at Cape Armitage, Antarctica.
Example of a ROV control station in the field. Here, the SCINI ROV operating out of an ice hut at Cape Armitage, Antarctica. Multiple displays are required to pilot the ROV and conduct science. From left, monitor (A) provides the engineering display such as thruster and light settings, (B) is a large camera display for the ROV pilot and (C) is the navigation information based on a short baseline acoustic positioning system. The scientist operates at station (D), where image data, position data and manual observations are combined in a process called 'image annotation' to provide a comprehensive data set of a dive.
Deployment of the baseline transducers of a PILOT short baseline (SBL) acoustic positioning system at Cape Evans, Antarctica. The baseline transducers (B, C, D) are lowered through small holes in the ice. The transducers are connected by cables to the junction box (A). As SBL precision depends on baseline transducer spacing, the widest possible spacing permitted by the cables is used.
Baseline transducers (A) of a PILOT Short Baseline (SBL) aacoustic positioning system are deloyed on outriggers to increase spacing and thus improve positioning precision.
An over-the-side acoustic baseline transducer of a SBL positioning system is weighted to keep it stable in the water. Baseline transducer stability is important to obtain good positioning accuracy.
eel larvae of Anguilla rostrata, in situ microscope en:ecoSCOPE - image: Uwe Kils GFDL
R/V Atlantis, the first research vessel operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
R/V Oceanus at the dock in Woods Hole
The RRS James Cook in dock at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton.
The RRS Discovery leaving port at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (then the Southampton Oceanography Centre). RRS Discovery is departing to take part in the NERC Marine Productivity programme. This was cruise number D262, and a cruise report is available here.
ROV with VLT-1 acoustic release interrogator (A).
Deployment of RAPID mooring.
Continental shelf
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An over-the-side acoustic transducer for positioning or control/communication functions is lowered over the side of a boat.
The picoplankton green alga Ostreococcus (Prasinophyceae, Chlorophyta) strain RCC 143 observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ostreococcus is the smallest known free living eukaryote with an average size of 0.8 Вµm.
A schematic picture of ophiolite suite layers along with a magma chamber (1): sediments (2), pillow basalts (3), basaltic sheeted dike swarms (4), layered gabbro (5) and fractionation cumulates (6).
image for oceanography stub template
The beautiful early 20th century interior of the Oceanographic Museum in Monaco
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This sensor, attached to a NOAA CREWS station, collects pCO2 and temperature data every hour and transmits it via satellite to a NOAA laboratory where data are utilized in understanding ocean acidification effects on coral reef ecosystems.
Moored Autonomous pCO2 (MAP-CO2) Buoy for ocean acidification research. Buoy engineered and deployed by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Water bottle (Niskin bottle) used to collect water sample profiles from various depth in hydrographic research (oceans and lakes); often used in combination with a CTD.
Operation of a special-purpose underwater acoustic positioning system for the real-time measurement of the geometry and opening area of a fish sampling trawl net. Left: Four small responders (A, B, C, D) are mounted in the corners of the trawl net opening and wired via junction bottle (E) and umbilical (F) to a surface station computer. Center: The net is deployed. Right: The surface station computer sends instructions to one responder (ex. A) to transmit, while instructing the other responders (ex. B, C, D) to receive. By this method all six distances (A-B, A-C, A-D, B-C, B-D, C-D) are measured. The four sides of the opening and one diagonal are used to triangulate the trawl net opening geometry and area. The second diagonal is available to compute a measurement error metric for data quality verification.
Nansen Bottle: Left front view; center: open; right closed
Ocean Leadership
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This is an image displaying what a mixing length is in the context of fluid mechanics.
Yellow iron oxide covered lava rock on the flank of Loihi submarine volcano.
Leptocephalus larva of a conger eel 7.6 cm (Photo by Uwe Kils) - larger image on http://www.fishbase.org/larvalbase/Photos/PicturesSummary.cfm?ID=300&what=larvae
The submersible 'Austria Sub' encounters a baseline transponder of its AquaMap long-baseline (LBL) acoustic positioning system in Lake Constance (Austria). Baseline transponders are reference points for navigation, and acoustically measuring the distance to these points establishes the current position of the submersible. Tethered by a short (2m) anchor line and a weight to the sea floor, the station is buoyed by its yellow flotation collar, keeping it stable in the water column like an underwater antenna tower.
Copyright: Fabiano Rebeque - frebeque@yahoo.ca
The IFM-Geomar (Leibniz-Institut fГјr Meereswissenschaften) in Kiel, Germany.
Distribution of land heights and sea depths over the surface of the Earth
Selected area from the British Oceanographic Data Centre's GEBCO data request map.
Detail of the fusible link release mechanism of the Desert Star Systems ARC-1 acoustic release. When fusible wire (B) burns, lever (A) can open freely, setting free anchor line attachment (C).
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Г©quipement de plongГ©e sous-marine
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This is a picture of the Ekman Layer in the top of the ocean.
010406-N-0000X-002 File Photo -- An illustration depicting the underwater mapping capability of USNS Bowditch (T-AGS 62) and other ships of her class. T-AGS 60 Class Oceanographic Survey ships conduct sampling and data collection of surface, midwater and ocean floor parameters; launch and recovery of hydrographic survey launches (HSLs); the launching , recovering and towing of scientific packages (both tethered and autonomous), including the handling, monitoring and servicing of remotely operated vehicles (ROVs); shipboard oceanogaphic data processing and sample analysis; and precise navigation, trackline maneufvering and station keeping to support deep-ocean and coastal surveys. There are 5 ships in this class. U.S. Navy Graphic Illustration (RELEASED)
Easterly swell at Lyttelton Harbour, New Zealand
Ocean swell at Hermosa Beach, CA
Icebreaker Kapitan Dranitsyn breaking ice in Antarctica
illustration of downwelling
Maury_plates 2 and 3 from Physical Geography Of The Sea by USN Lieutenant Matthew Fontaine Maury, U.S.N. This is a public domain image that I scanned & cleaned.
Chaetoceros furcellatus
BODC current meter data holdings from around the UK.
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The pier at Clacton-on-sea.
crew of the challenger expedition, 1874
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This photo was taken at the Student Autonomous Underwater Challenge Europe (SAUC-E) competition. The Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) is floating in the outside test tank awaiting initialisation. The competition was held in IFREMER, Brest, France. The Blackghost AUV is designed to undertake an underwater assault course autonomously with no outside control. The AUV took over a year to build, weighs about 7kg and is 1.1m long. A 1GHz computer, batteries, cameras and motors are crammed inside the 80mm diameter hull, which has been designed to be deployed through an ice bore hole for future scientific research missions
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Bathythermograph
en:Beggiatoal bacterial mat at a seep on Blake Ridge, off en:South Carolina. The red dots are range-finding laser beams. Photographed from the DSRV Alvin. Image from NOAA Ocean Explorer.
Cruising the murky depth of Lake Constance between Germany and Austria, the three-person manned submersible Austria Sub is guided by an AquaMap long baseline (LBL) acoustic positioning system. The system allows it to home in on a long since buried, decades old gas pipeline recorded in old maps. A partially crushed float tube associated with the pipeline appears out of the murk, indicating that Austria Sub has located its target without benefit of visual landmarks. The submersible will now use an inductive sensor to trace the buried pipeline between sporadic float tubes, with the AquaMap system recording positions with sub-meter accuracy. The data will be used to update nautical maps and establish an accurate no-anchor zone for vessels on the now crowded lake.
rov and windows en:atoll - photo Uwe Kils
view from underwater window en:atoll lab photo Uwe Kils
rov in harbor en:atoll photo Uwe Kils
Atoll floating laboratory photo Uwe Kils
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Autosub 1a Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) on surface of Firth of Lorne, Scotland, with RV Calanus in the background
The three-person manned submersible 'Austria Sub' equipped with its AquaMap long-baseline (LBL) acoustic positioning system. The baseline transponders (B) which serve as the reference points for navigation will be deployed on the seafloor, and then location surveyed using a combination of acoustic self-surveying techniques and GPS before underwater operations proceed. During a diver, the submarine transponder with its associated sonar transducer (A) will emit pings that are received by the baseline stations, which then reply. Thus, the distance to each station is determined and the submarine position can be computed with sub-meter accuracy.
Dive team (Envirotech Divers) with an AquaMap long-baseline (LBL) acoustic positioning system. The three baseline transponders (B) are deployed prior to a dive and serve as the reference points for navigation. Using a short (2m) anchor line and a weight, they are secured to the seafloor. If repeat surveys need to be done over a period of time to monitor changes, the preferred technique is to establish a 'monument' at each baseline station location and secure the baseline station to that monument each time to minimize positioning variability. A monument may be a block of concrete, a railroad wheel or another heavy object. It may also be a distinctive natural feature such as a boulder. The divers navigate and record position using a terminal (A) similar to a GPS receiver. The terminal receives positioning data (baseline station distance and depth measurements) either from an integrated acoustic transponder, such as in the DS-1 station shown here, or from an external transponder.
This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update.
Een kaart met getijdelijnen en amfidromische punten in de Noordzee
ADCP head
ADCP (Acoustic_Doppler_Current_Profiler) on a platform for deep sea long term observations (RV Sonne cruise SO118)
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Deployment of a floater in the Southern Ocean from RV POLARSTERN (ANT-XXIII/9). Floaters are autonomous operating oceanographic devices, used to measure currents, salinity and temperature; data are transfered via satellite to the operating institute.
Sampling devices for biological and geological oceanography, waiting on deck of a research vessel for its deployment. left: box corer, middle: multicorer, right: lander
View from the winch control room down to the working deck of the research vessel POLARSTERN where a box corer is recovered with a geological sample of sediment from the ocean floor. In the background a sediment gravity corer is waiting to be released.
Preparation of an oceanographic mooring on deck of research vessel POLARSTERN
Current meters (opened) during test run on board of a research vessel
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology main building
Weather Front
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Dead fish in an eutrophic pond
Biological structures in a small stream (underwater); seen in Krka National Park, Croatia
Kettle Lakes
On the Blueway
Blueway Early Morning
Riverside Camp
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A pervious concrete street in Rosemary Beach, Florida.
WaЕ‚ przewciwpowodziowy, ЕЃomianki nad WisЕ‚Д…
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This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update.
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Shore Road Pumping Station, Birkenhead
SHETRAN plan view of dunsop catchment, Bowland forest, UK
SHETRAN logo new
Shellmouth Dam
During La Niña, sea surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific are below average, and temperatures in the western tropical Pacific are above average. This pattern is evident in this temperature anomaly image for November 2007. This image shows the temperature for the top millimeter of the ocean’s surface—the skin temperature—for November 2007 compared to the long-term average. A strong band of blue (cool) water appears along the Equator, particularly strong near South America. Orange to red (warm) conditions appear north and south of this strong blue band. The 2007 data were collected by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) flying on NASA’s Aqua satellite. The long-term average is based on data from a series of sensors that flew on NOAA Pathfinder satellites from 1985 to 1997.
Saltstraumen is a sound with a strong tidal current located in Nordland some 30 km east of the city of BodГё, Norway.
Ibor River, CГЎceres, Extremadura, Spain
This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update.
no original description
repГЁres des crues de 1840, 1856, 1955 et 2003 Г  la maison Duglou, Livron-sur-DrГґme (26)
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Plankton photomontage
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SchГ©ma de construction de trois sortes de pertuis (portes d'Г©cluse)
plant beyond PWP
Molo gЕ‚Гіwne w Kretowinach
Moskenstraumen i Carta Marina
Interior of the Montgomery Bell Tunnel, located near White Bluff in Cheatham County, Tennessee, United States. Built by slave labor as a water diversion tunnel in 1819, it was the first significant tunnel in the United States. Now a part of Harpeth River State Park, it has been designated a National Historic Landmark.
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2 types basiques de lysimГЁtres.
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Tipos de infraestructuras subГЎlveas
Screenshot of the Green Kenue application
This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update.
Rainfall-Runoff typical cases. Figure show classification of six constant rain (RAIN 0-5) during time interval Tb. Focus is on case RAIN 3 who show mixed rain (Hortonian- not Hortonian Rain)and Tsw,switching time or ponding time.
Water meter in Belo Horizonte
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Gours d'une des grottes de Saint Marcel d'ArdГЁche
Zelfgemaakte foto. Hier rusten geen auteursrechten op.
Central control room of the Metropolitan Area Outer Underground Discharge Channel (й¦–йѓЅењЏе¤–йѓ­ж”ѕж°ґи·Ї) otherwise known as
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Changes in the geoid height as a result of increases and decreases in the mass of the Amazon River basin as controlled by the hydrologic cycle.
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Precipitation and evapotranspiration in Denmark
Vasque de la rГ©surgence de Font Estramar
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Pollution of water by nitrat, after drainage, in the north of the France
Self made
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Self made
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en:Capillary fringe
Groundwater drainage
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Screenshot of simulation produced by ANUGA (opensource hydrodynamic modelling tool)
Surface tension of the water - water surface holding an aluminum coin.
NASA Image ISS015E10587 View of Capillary Flow Experiment (CFE) in the U.S. Laboratory/Destiny. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate capillary flows and phenomena onboard the International Space Station (ISS). A video camera is set up to record the behavior of silicone oil in the Contact Line (CL) unit. Photo was taken during Expedition 15.
Wenner-Beta
Wenner-alpha
Test of Vanguard launch vehicle for U.S. International Geophysical Year (IGY) program to place satellite in Earth orbit to determine atmospheric density and conduct geodetic measurements. Malfunction in first stage caused vehicle to lose thrust after two seconds and vehicle was destroyed. Photo released by U.S. Navy.
Modellhafte Darstellung eines Suspensionsstroms (Milch im Wasserbecken)
Modellhafte Darstellung eines Suspensionsstroms (Milch in Wasser)
Streamer on a winch, resting in the harbour of Bremerhaven. The streamer is a hose, filled with hydrophones and oil; it is tracked behind the vessel during seismic profiling to record the reflected sound waves produced by air guns.
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Seismogram representing velocity for three perppendicolar components.
Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS). Two seismometer for x- and y-direction can be seen, the third one for z-direction is below. (Model of KUM from 2005; diameter of pressure cylinder is ab. 15 cm)
A simplified explanation of how various types of retaining walls work. Note that this is only an approximation, and actual calculation of lateral earth pressure involves a number of additional complexities. I would however like to hear constructive criticism on how to improve this diagram.
Photos of Earth Sciences [1-200]
Photos of Earth Sciences [201-400]
Photos of Earth Sciences [401-600]




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