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Dead trees at Mammoth Hot Springs
 

 

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Mammoth Hot Springs terraces. Hot water is the creative force of the terraces.Even though Mammoth Hot Springs lie north of the caldera ring-fracture system, a fault trending north from Norris Geyser Basin, 21 miles (34 km) away, may connect Mammoth Hot Springs to the hot water of that system. A system of small fissures carries water upward to create approximately 50 hot springs in the Mammoth Hot Springs area. Another necessary ingredient for terrace growth is the mineral calcium carbonate. Thick layers of sedimentary limestone, deposited millions of years ago by vast seas, lie beneath the Mammoth area. As ground water seeps slowly downward and laterally, it comes in contact with hot gases charged with carbon dioxide rising from the magma chamber. Some carbon dioxide is readily dissolved in the hot water to form a weak carbonic acid solution. This hot, acidic solution dissolves great quantities of limestone as it works up through the rock layers to the surface hot springs. Once exposed to the open air, some of the carbon dioxide escapes from solution. As this happens, limestone can no longer remain in solution. A solid mineral reforms and is deposited as the travertine that forms the terraces.Dead trees in the terraces of Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone National Park grew during inactivity of the mineral-rich springs, and were killed when calcium carbonate carried by spring water clogged the vascular systems of the trees.

Date
Source Own work
Author Brocken Inaglory
Camera location 44° 58′ 22″ N, 110° 42′ 17″ W View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap - Google Maps - Google Earth info

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Photo's description:
Mammoth Hot Springs terraces. Hot water is the creative force of the terraces.Even though Mammoth Hot Springs lie north of the caldera ring-fracture system, a fault trending north from Norris Geyser Basin, 21 miles (34 km) away, may connect Mammoth Hot Springs to the hot water of that system. A system of small fissures carries water upward to create approximately 50 hot springs in the Mammoth Hot Springs area. Another necessary ingredient for terrace growth is the mineral calcium carbonate. Thick layers of sedimentary limestone, deposited millions of years ago by vast seas, lie beneath the Mammoth area. As ground water seeps slowly downward and laterally, it comes in contact with hot gases charged with carbon dioxide rising from the magma chamber. Some carbon dioxide is readily dissolved in the hot water to form a weak carbonic acid solution. This hot, acidic solution dissolves great quantities of limestone as it works up through the rock layers to the surface hot springs. Once exposed to the open air, some of the carbon dioxide escapes from solution. As this happens, limestone can no longer remain in solution. A solid mineral reforms and is deposited as the travertine that forms the terraces.Dead trees in the terraces of Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone National Park grew during inactivity of the mineral-rich springs, and were killed when calcium carbonate carried by spring water clogged the vascular systems of the trees.


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EXIF data:
File name dead_trees_at_mammoth_hot_springs.jpg
Size, Mbytes 2.9688583984375
Mime type image/jpeg
Camera manufacturer Canon
Camera model Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL XTi
Orientation of image 1
Image resolution in width direction 72
Image resolution in height direction 72
Unit of X and Y resolution 2
Exposure time 1/800 sec (0.00125)
F number f / 8
Exposure program 1
ISO speed rating 100
Exif version 0221
Lens focal length 33 mm
Date and time original image was generated 2008:06:23 06:52:53
Date and time image was made digital data 2008:06:23 06:52:53
Meaning of each component 
Shutter speed 9.6438598632812
Aperture 6
Exposure bias 0
Metering mode 5
User comments
Supported Flashpix version 0100
Color space information 1
Exif image width 2400
Exif image length 1587
Focal plane X resolution 4433.2953249715
Focal plane Y resolution 4453.6082474227
Focal plane resolution unit 2
Exposure mode 1
Software used Adobe Photoshop Elements 2.0




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